By Blake Jackson
As farmers in Pennsylvania prepare to plant small grains like wheat and barley, it's crucial to be mindful of a potential pest: the Hessian fly.
This tiny insect can cause significant damage to these crops, leading to reduced yields and economic losses.
While Hessian flies haven't been as prevalent in Pennsylvania as in neighboring states, their numbers have been increasing in recent years.
These flies lay their eggs on wheat and barley plants, and the hatched larvae feed on the base of the plant, stunting its growth and reducing grain production.
To avoid Hessian fly infestations, farmers typically plant their small grains after the "fly-free date." This is the time of year when Hessian fly adults are no longer active. However, it's important to note that these dates can vary depending on factors like location and weather conditions.
One effective control method is to plant small grains after the fly-free date, ensuring that there are no young plants available for the flies to lay eggs on when they emerge.
Additionally, farmers can choose to plant Hessian fly-resistant varieties of wheat or barley. While this can be challenging due to limited availability of these varieties in the region, it's a valuable strategy for preventing infestations.
It's also essential to be aware of the potential for Hessian flies to thrive in early-planted small grain cover crops.
These crops can provide a breeding ground for the flies, leading to increased populations and subsequent infestations in later-planted fields.
If you're considering planting small grains, especially wheat or barley, it's recommended to consult local agricultural experts for specific fly-free dates and recommendations for your region. By taking these precautions, farmers can help protect their crops from Hessian fly damage and ensure a successful harvest.
Photo Credit: stock-moneycue-canada
Categories: Pennsylvania, Crops