By Blake Jackson
Double cropping involves growing two crops on the same land within a single year, one following the other. This practice often implemented after harvesting small grains like wheat, rye, triticale, barley, or oats can increase farm income and improve land productivity.
However, the financial success of this method depends largely on managing the production costs of the second crop to ensure profitability.
Timing and Field Preparation
Effective budgeting starts with timing. The date when the small grain is harvested significantly affects when the second crop can be planted. Ideally, the second crop should go in the ground within 5-10 days of the first harvest.
Choosing early-maturing or drought-tolerant crop varieties helps ensure the second crop reaches full maturity, which is crucial for achieving strong yields and solid returns. Delayed planting often leads to lower yields and can affect market prices if the harvest misses peak pricing periods.
Tracking income and expenses for both crops separately as well as together provides a clearer financial picture. Running best-case, average, and worst-case financial scenarios is also recommended.
Another factor is residue management, which may involve costs for mowing, baling, or incorporating plant material from the first crop. Quick field turnover may require extra labor or specialized equipment, adding to operational expenses.
Nutrient and Crop Management
Accurate soil testing is essential to determine the availability of key nutrients like nitrogen and phosphorus. Knowing what's left behind from the first crop allows for more targeted and cost-effective fertilizer application.
Popular second crops include soybeans, sorghum-sudangrass, sunflowers, millet, or cover crops that can be used for grazing. When selecting a crop, consider maturity time and the length of the remaining growing season.
Cost Considerations
Important variable costs include:
- Seed and treatment costs: May vary depending on crop type and season.
- Fertilizer: Adjust based on residual nutrients from the first crop.
- Pesticides: Weed pressure and chemical compatibility need consideration.
- Fuel and maintenance: Extra field passes increase these expenses.
- Equipment availability: Ensure you can manage tight planting and harvest windows.
Soil Health Benefits
Beyond profits, double cropping can improve soil structure, reduce erosion, increase biodiversity, and enhance organic matter benefits that strengthen long-term sustainability.
Photo Credit: gettyimages-kotenko-a
Categories: Pennsylvania, Crops