By Blake Jackson
As silage harvest progresses, farmers are inspecting their fields for signs of caterpillar damage. This includes opening husks and examining corn ears for evidence of insect activity.
Extension entomologist John Tooker discusses the common caterpillar species found in corn ears in Pennsylvania: corn earworm, European corn borer, fall armyworm, and western bean cutworm. Feeding by these caterpillars can directly damage kernels and facilitate mold growth, leading to mycotoxin contamination.
Corn earworm is the most abundant species, entering ears through the silk and causing tip damage. Fall armyworm enters through the side of the husk, while European corn borer can also enter through the husk. Most Bt corn hybrids offer some protection against these pests, but resistance is evolving, and damage may increase.
Tooker advises farmers to ignore minor ear damage, as research indicates low infestation levels and minimal yield loss. However, if severe damage is observed, switching to hybrids with different Bt toxins may be necessary.
Western bean cutworm, resistant to the Cry1F protein, can cause significant damage if infestations are high. Farmers should identify caterpillar species to determine appropriate management strategies.
For those who planted non-Bt hybrids, European corn borer can be a concern. While Bt corn has effectively controlled this pest, populations may still exist in some areas.
Farmers should carefully assess local populations and consider planting small acreages of non-Bt hybrids to monitor for damage.
By understanding the different caterpillar species, their impact on yield, and the effectiveness of Bt hybrids, farmers can make informed decisions about their crop management practices.
Photo Credit: pexels-nikolett-emmert
Categories: Pennsylvania, Crops, Corn