By Blake Jackson
Summer heat can be brutal for dairy cows. Their ability to lose heat can be overwhelmed by high temperatures and humidity, leading to heat stress. This reduces milk production, harms their health, and can even be fatal.
The key is managing a cow's heat balance over 24 hours. Here's how dairy farmers can combat heat stress:
- Shade: Protect cows from direct sunlight with trees, buildings, or shade structures. Aim for at least 12 feet of height and proper orientation to maximize shade throughout the day.
- Airflow: Proper ventilation is crucial. Mechanically ventilated buildings use exhaust fans, while naturally ventilated ones rely on wind. In both cases, good air exchange is essential.
- Air Movement: Fans create turbulent air around cows, improving heat transfer and minimizing hot spots. Aim for air speeds of 3.5 to 5 mph in resting areas.
- Water: Provide ample clean water with easy access for multiple cows to meet their increased drinking needs during hot weather.
- Evaporative Cooling: This technique uses water to remove heat from the cow's body.
Direct systems spray water on the cow, requiring a significant water supply and good drainage.
Indirect systems cool the surrounding air, with fogging and misting being common methods. Pressurized systems work best in arid climates, while evaporative cooling pads are effective in tunnel and cross-ventilation setups.
By implementing these strategies, dairy farmers can create a more comfortable environment for their cows, resulting in improved health, production, and well-being throughout the summer months.
Photo Credit: gettyimages-peopleimages
Categories: Pennsylvania, Livestock, Dairy Cattle