Protect Cattle from Asian Longhorned Ticks This Spring

By Blake Jackson

As spring arrives, farm activity increases across Pennsylvania, and so does the risk posed by ticks. While tick-borne diseases are already a concern for people and pets, cattle producers are facing a growing threat from the invasive Asian longhorned tick (ALT).

First identified in the United States in 2017, this species has now been confirmed in at least 18 states, including Pennsylvania and its neighboring states.

What makes the Asian longhorned tick particularly concerning is its ability to reproduce without males. A single female tick can establish a new population, leading to rapid infestations. Experiences from Australia and New Zealand show that heavy ALT infestations can result in reduced milk production and, in severe cases, death due to blood loss.

Beyond these direct impacts, ALT can transmit Theileria orientalis genotype Ikeda, a blood parasite that causes Theileria-associated bovine anemia (TABA).

This disease was first reported in U.S. cattle in 2019 after multiple deaths on a single operation. Affected animals often appear weak, lethargic, and feverish. Currently, there are no vaccines or curative treatments for TABA, making prevention essential.

Cattle kept indoors face minimal risk, but those grazing pastures are more vulnerable. ALT has been identified in southeastern and southwestern Pennsylvania and Centre County, though it may be more widespread.

Regularly checking cattle especially around the ears, jaw, and front legs can help with early detection. Suspected ticks can be submitted for identification through Penn State Extension.

Managing pasture conditions is key to reducing exposure. Keeping grass trimmed, fencing cattle away from brushy areas, and maintaining fly control programs can all help limit tick contact. While no products are specifically labeled for ALT, several common fly sprays and pour-ons have shown effectiveness against this tick.

Protecting people is equally important. Avoiding tall grasses, using repellents, treating clothing, and performing thorough tick checks can help reduce risks during peak tick season for both livestock and humans.

Photo Credit: gettyimages-r-j-seymour